Annotated Bibliography
Primary Sources
"British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution." British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website has several articles pertaining to the British opinion of the French Revolution. I used this source for information on the popular attitude of the British towards the events during the revolution.
"All French Revolution Documents." All French Revolution Documents. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a series of pictures of objects or paintings depicting the French Revolution including political propaganda, paintings, tapestries, china, and embroidery. I used this source for visual interpretation of the events during the revolution and the reaction of other societies.
"Cahier." Cahier. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This is a paper from the French Revolution petitioning King Louis XVI to change the laws for the social order in France. I used this source to view the complaints of the people.
"Emmanuel Sieyès." Sieyes: The Third Estate. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Jan. 2014. This source has a copy of the translated document What is the Third Estate, a political pamphlet written by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes as well as a short paragraph about Sieyes. I used this source for a quote in the body of my paper.
"Mr. Cowherd." Mr Cowherd RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2013. This source is a series of documents written during the time of the French Revolution, including letters to King Louis XVI, Abbe Sieyes "What is the Third Estate", and newspaper articles. I used this source for the wide variety of perspectives and primary resources located on this site.
"Pilight of the French Peasants." Pilight of the French Peasants. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2013. This document was written by Arhtur Yung, a british reporter who toured the French countryside in the months before the French Revolution and wrote about the lifestyles of the peasants. I used this source to view the severity of punishments for common crimes and the way the peasantry lived.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This document was written by Olympe de Gouge, one of the most outspoken women of the time, in response to the inferiority implied by the Declaration of the Rights of Man. She was tried for treason and killed by guillotine because of her views. I used this source to view the place that women took in the society.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a letter by Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière that was published in one of the literary journals of the day about some of the severe punishments for minor crimes, such as that for making shag, a type of cloth popular in England. I did not use this source because it did not have the information I needed.
"The "Cahier De Doleances" (1789)." The "Cahier De Doleances" (1789). N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This source has three of the Cahier de Doleances, which were lists of grievances to be presented to King Louis XVI, titles The Clergy of Blois and Romoratin, The Bobility of Blois, and The Third Estate of Dourdon. I used this source to study the complaints of the clergy.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a list of primary resources related to the French Revolution, including letters, diary entries, papers, and political propaganda. I used this source to locate primary sources for use in my paper.
Secondary Sources
Lowell, Edward Jackson. The Eve of the French Revolution,. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and, 1892. Print. This book is about the events leading up to the revolution, along with background on the most important people. I used this source for background on the key figures in the French Revolution.
Carlyle, Thomas. The French Revolution; a History,. New York: Modern Library, 1934. Print. This book provides a broad view of the French Revolution, starting with the causes of the Revolution and moving on to the major events. I used this source for information on my topic.
Hardman, John. Louis XVI. New Haven: Yale UP, 1993. Print. This book is a biography by John Hardman about King Louis XVI of France which focuses chiefly on the events during the French Revolution. I used this source chiefly for insights into the life and personality of King Louis, as well as for the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography.
"Abbe Sieyes What Is the Third Estate?" Abbe Sieyes What Is the Third Estate? N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website has a brief biography of the life of Abbe Sieyes, a member of the clergy and one of the representatives of the Third Estate. I used this source to learn about the life of Abbe Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes and his political and theological views.
"The Age of the French Revolution, 1789-1815." The Age of the French Revolution, 1789-1815. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. <b>2013.</b> This website is a list of events during the French Revolution and is divided into five parts, which in turn are divided into two to five subcategories. I used this source for help sequencing events during the revolution. One especially helpful part was section two, which has information about the first few years of the revolution.
Johnston, R. M. The French Revolution; a Short History,. New York: H. Holt And, 1909. Print. I used this book chiefly for the information about the events leading up to the French Revolution, in particular for the information about the causes and earliest events that occurred.
Stephens, H. Morse. A History of the French Revolution,. Vol. 1. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1886. Print. The information in this book encompasses the entire French Revolution, and information about some of the most prominent people. I used this source for general information and I used the bibliography in the back to direct me to other sources.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This source contains excerpts from a political pamphlet written by the French freethinker and clergyman Abbé Emmanuel Joseph before the rise of the third estate in response to finance minister Jacques Necker's invitation for writers to state how they thought the Estates-General should be organized as well as a short biography. I used this source for a better grasp of the public opinion of Sieyes.
"French Revolution." French Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website includes a detailed definition of the third estate as well as the distinctions between the bourgeois and the common laborers. I used this source for clearer distinctions between the different classes in the estates.
"Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States." Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 257, THIRD ESTATE. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2014. This website compares Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes political pamphlet What is the Third Estate with the work of Léonce de Lavergne on the provincial assemblies under King Louis. I used this source for comparison of the works mentioned above.
PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. This website has a page about King Louis XVI, as well as links to other pages about Marie Antoinette, Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes, and Maximilian Robespierre, prominent figures in the revolution. I used this source to learn more about Queen Marie Antoinette and King Louis.
SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. This website contains a timeline of events that occurred during the revolution. I used this source to view the events of the French Revolution in chronological order.
"Louis XVI Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. This website has a three page biography about the life and personality of King Louis XVI, as well as a three minute video about the French Revolution. I used this source for background information on King Louis XVI.
Primary Sources
"British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution." British Newspaper Coverage of the French Revolution. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website has several articles pertaining to the British opinion of the French Revolution. I used this source for information on the popular attitude of the British towards the events during the revolution.
"All French Revolution Documents." All French Revolution Documents. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a series of pictures of objects or paintings depicting the French Revolution including political propaganda, paintings, tapestries, china, and embroidery. I used this source for visual interpretation of the events during the revolution and the reaction of other societies.
"Cahier." Cahier. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This is a paper from the French Revolution petitioning King Louis XVI to change the laws for the social order in France. I used this source to view the complaints of the people.
"Emmanuel Sieyès." Sieyes: The Third Estate. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Jan. 2014. This source has a copy of the translated document What is the Third Estate, a political pamphlet written by Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes as well as a short paragraph about Sieyes. I used this source for a quote in the body of my paper.
"Mr. Cowherd." Mr Cowherd RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2013. This source is a series of documents written during the time of the French Revolution, including letters to King Louis XVI, Abbe Sieyes "What is the Third Estate", and newspaper articles. I used this source for the wide variety of perspectives and primary resources located on this site.
"Pilight of the French Peasants." Pilight of the French Peasants. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 Nov. 2013. This document was written by Arhtur Yung, a british reporter who toured the French countryside in the months before the French Revolution and wrote about the lifestyles of the peasants. I used this source to view the severity of punishments for common crimes and the way the peasantry lived.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This document was written by Olympe de Gouge, one of the most outspoken women of the time, in response to the inferiority implied by the Declaration of the Rights of Man. She was tried for treason and killed by guillotine because of her views. I used this source to view the place that women took in the society.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a letter by Jean-Marie Roland de la Platière that was published in one of the literary journals of the day about some of the severe punishments for minor crimes, such as that for making shag, a type of cloth popular in England. I did not use this source because it did not have the information I needed.
"The "Cahier De Doleances" (1789)." The "Cahier De Doleances" (1789). N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This source has three of the Cahier de Doleances, which were lists of grievances to be presented to King Louis XVI, titles The Clergy of Blois and Romoratin, The Bobility of Blois, and The Third Estate of Dourdon. I used this source to study the complaints of the clergy.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2013. This website has a list of primary resources related to the French Revolution, including letters, diary entries, papers, and political propaganda. I used this source to locate primary sources for use in my paper.
Secondary Sources
Lowell, Edward Jackson. The Eve of the French Revolution,. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and, 1892. Print. This book is about the events leading up to the revolution, along with background on the most important people. I used this source for background on the key figures in the French Revolution.
Carlyle, Thomas. The French Revolution; a History,. New York: Modern Library, 1934. Print. This book provides a broad view of the French Revolution, starting with the causes of the Revolution and moving on to the major events. I used this source for information on my topic.
Hardman, John. Louis XVI. New Haven: Yale UP, 1993. Print. This book is a biography by John Hardman about King Louis XVI of France which focuses chiefly on the events during the French Revolution. I used this source chiefly for insights into the life and personality of King Louis, as well as for the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography.
"Abbe Sieyes What Is the Third Estate?" Abbe Sieyes What Is the Third Estate? N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website has a brief biography of the life of Abbe Sieyes, a member of the clergy and one of the representatives of the Third Estate. I used this source to learn about the life of Abbe Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes and his political and theological views.
"The Age of the French Revolution, 1789-1815." The Age of the French Revolution, 1789-1815. N.p., N.d. Web. 03 Nov. <b>2013.</b> This website is a list of events during the French Revolution and is divided into five parts, which in turn are divided into two to five subcategories. I used this source for help sequencing events during the revolution. One especially helpful part was section two, which has information about the first few years of the revolution.
Johnston, R. M. The French Revolution; a Short History,. New York: H. Holt And, 1909. Print. I used this book chiefly for the information about the events leading up to the French Revolution, in particular for the information about the causes and earliest events that occurred.
Stephens, H. Morse. A History of the French Revolution,. Vol. 1. New York: C. Scribner's Sons, 1886. Print. The information in this book encompasses the entire French Revolution, and information about some of the most prominent people. I used this source for general information and I used the bibliography in the back to direct me to other sources.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This source contains excerpts from a political pamphlet written by the French freethinker and clergyman Abbé Emmanuel Joseph before the rise of the third estate in response to finance minister Jacques Necker's invitation for writers to state how they thought the Estates-General should be organized as well as a short biography. I used this source for a better grasp of the public opinion of Sieyes.
"French Revolution." French Revolution. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Nov. 2013. This website includes a detailed definition of the third estate as well as the distinctions between the bourgeois and the common laborers. I used this source for clearer distinctions between the different classes in the estates.
"Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States." Lalor, Cyclopaedia of Political Science, V.3, Entry 257, THIRD ESTATE. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2014. This website compares Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes political pamphlet What is the Third Estate with the work of Léonce de Lavergne on the provincial assemblies under King Louis. I used this source for comparison of the works mentioned above.
PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. This website has a page about King Louis XVI, as well as links to other pages about Marie Antoinette, Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes, and Maximilian Robespierre, prominent figures in the revolution. I used this source to learn more about Queen Marie Antoinette and King Louis.
SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 01 Dec. 2013. This website contains a timeline of events that occurred during the revolution. I used this source to view the events of the French Revolution in chronological order.
"Louis XVI Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2013. This website has a three page biography about the life and personality of King Louis XVI, as well as a three minute video about the French Revolution. I used this source for background information on King Louis XVI.